美国大选把Facebook推上了风口浪尖。

据道琼斯消息，11月14日，有人指控称，社交网络Facebook Inc.允许虚假消息在其平台传播，危害了今年的政治言论。对此，扎克伯格发表了严肃反击。

扎克伯格在加州半月湾的一个会议上称，他个人认为有关Facebook上的假消息影响到大选的想法非常疯狂。

他还称公司旗下平台每月18亿用户可以看到各种观点，从而反驳了对Facebook创造了由趣味相投的人组成的“过滤泡沫”的批评。他称，内容就在那儿，但用户没有点击。

特朗普的意外获胜促使人们对社交媒体是否催生了有毒及分裂言论的问题展开了广泛讨论。左翼批评者称，Facebook需要更努力以确保虚假消息不会在该社交网络上迅速传播，从而可能误导选民。

扎克伯格在公开信中表示，Facebook中的真实信息达到99%的高比率，并尽力优化算法，保证系统不会对大选结果作任何偏袒。

在其公开信中留言的第一条用户信息很具有代表性。用户Bob质疑，“如果你看我的信息流，虚假新闻和垃圾的比例绝对超过1%。”

扎克伯格的回应解答了这一疑惑，他说：“文中所提99%的比例是基于整个系统而言的。根据每个人所关注的订阅的对象不同，这一比例也在上升或下降。Facebook的魅力就在于你可以控制自己所见，选择与谁发生联系。”

就在11日，Facebook发生的“死讯”乌龙事件更加让人质疑其对事实审查的水平。Facebook在当日曾误报了约200万人的死讯，甚至包括了扎克伯格本人。Facebook在修复问题后发表声明，承认犯下“可怕的错误”，指出一段本应加在所有纪念页面的信息，被误发至其他账号。

误发的信息写道：“我们希望喜爱（死者名字）的人，可借其他人分享的信息寻求慰藉，以怀念及颂扬（他/她）的一生。” 

这个乌龙马上成为热门话题，部分网民指出，误发的信息内含超链接，可让网民了解如何将个人页面转变成纪念页面。

网友怀疑Facebook在宣传新功能时出错，而非单纯的技术错误。也有人认为，此次出错动摇外界对其信心，怀疑其在发生灾难后推出的报平安功能，以及审查假新闻能力是否可信。

附：扎克伯格发表声明的原文及翻译如下

I want to share some thoughts on Facebook and the election.

我希望分享关于Facebook和此次大选的一些看法。

Our goal is to give every person a voice. We believe deeply in people. Assuming that people understand what is important in their lives and that they can express those views has driven not only our community, but democracy overall. Sometimes when people use their voice though, they say things that seem wrong and they support people you disagree with.

我们的目标是让人们有发声的权利，并对此深信不疑。如果人们能够分辨生命中真正重要的事情，并能表达出这些观点，不仅会推动我们社区的发展，也会促进整个民主进程。不过有时，当人们表达时，会说一些看似错误的言辞，或支持那些你反对的事情。

After the election, many people are asking whether fake news contributed to the result, and what our responsibility is to prevent fake news from spreading. These are very important questions and I care deeply about getting them right. I want to do my best to explain what we know here.

在此次大选后，许多人提出，假新闻是否对大选结果产生了影响，以及我们有什么样的责任去阻止假新闻的传播。我非常关心这些重要的问题该如何得到解答，并希望尽自己所知作以解释。

Of all the content on Facebook, more than 99% of what people see is authentic. Only a very small amount is fake news and hoaxes. The hoaxes that do exist are not limited to one partisan view, or even to politics. Overall, this makes it extremely unlikely hoaxes changed the outcome of this election in one direction or the other.

人们看到的Facebook上的内容，有99%是真实的。假新闻和谣言存在的概率非常低。假新闻的存在不仅针对于某个偏袒视角、或屈服于政治。总体而言，假新闻不太可能从单一方向改变大选结果。

That said, we don't want any hoaxes on Facebook. Our goal is to show people the content they will find most meaningful, and people want accurate news. We have already launched work enabling our community to flag hoaxes and fake news, and there is more we can do here. We have made progress, and we will continue to work on this to improve further.

但是，我们不希望Facebook上存在任何假新闻。我们希望向用户展示最有意义的内容，用户也希望看到精准的新闻。我们已经开始竭尽所能，帮助用户去分辨不实和谣言。我们已经取得了进步，并希望可以做得更多。

This is an area where I believe we must proceed very carefully though. Identifying the "truth" is complicated. While some hoaxes can be completely debunked, a greater amount of content, including from mainstream sources, often gets the basic idea right but some details wrong or omitted. An even greater volume of stories express an opinion that many will disagree with and flag as incorrect even when factual. I am confident we can find ways for our community to tell us what content is most meaningful, but I believe we must be extremely cautious about becoming arbiters of truth ourselves.

在这一领域，我们必须谨慎前行。对“事实”的标记本身很复杂。尽管假新闻容易被拆穿，但很多甚至是来自主流媒体的信息源也会出现纰漏，事实是对的，但细节经不起推敲。另外一大部分的报道都是观点的表达，会遭受很多非议或被标注为“不正确”。我有信心找出一方式，帮助人们找到最有意义的内容。我们必须谨慎再谨慎，避免负担起事实仲裁者的角色。

As we continue our research, we are committed to always updating you on how News Feed evolves. We hope to have more to share soon, although this work often takes longer than we'd like in order to confirm changes we make won't introduce unintended side effects or bias into the system. If you're interested in following our updates, I encourage you to follow our News Feed FYI here: http://bit.ly/2frNWo2.

我们致力于如何推动消息流的进化。希望在分享的同时，尽量减少辅助作用，避免系统产生倾向性，这方面工作花费的时间往往比预期更长。如果你关注我们的进展，请点击如下链接：http://bit.ly/2frNWo2。

Overall, I am proud of our role giving people a voice in this election. We helped more than 2 million people register to vote, and based on our estimates we got a similar number of people to vote who might have stayed home otherwise. We helped millions of people connect with candidates so they could hear from them directly and be better informed. Most importantly, we gave tens of millions of people tools to share billions of posts and reactions about this election. A lot of that dialog may not have happened without Facebook.

总之，我非常自豪Facebook在此次大选中扮演的角色。我们帮助超过200万人注册选举。如果没有我们的工作，很多人就会坐在家里，与世无争。我们帮助数百万人与候选人联系在一起，直接聆听他们的声音，获得更好的信息。最重要的是，我们给数千万人提供了工具，分享了关于此次大选的数十亿篇内容和回复。没有Facebook，许多对话就不可能发生。

This has been a historic election and it has been very painful for many people. Still, I think it's important to try to understand the perspective of people on the other side. In my experience, people are good, and even if you may not feel that way today, believing in people leads to better results over the long term.

这是一次有历史意义的大选，对很多人来说有痛楚。然而我认为，重要的是理解反方观点。根据我的经验，大家是优秀的。即使你今天可能还没体会到这一点，但从长期来看，信任每个人将会带来最好的结果。